JAYGRAVICWAL

a. What are petrochemicals. b. Where do petrochemicals come from? c. What is the fractional distillation
 * =** A PETROCHEMICAL IS A CHEMICAL OBTAINED FROM PETROLEUM OR A NATURAL GAS **=
 * = THEY COME FROM PETROLEUM OR NATURAL GAS =
 * ** SEPERATION OF A LIQUID MIXTURE INTO FRACTIONS DIFFERING IN A BOILING POINTAND HENSE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION )BY MEANS OF DISTILLATION,TYPICALLY USING A FRACTIONATING COLUMN **
 * ** SEPERATION OF A LIQUID MIXTURE INTO FRACTIONS DIFFERING IN A BOILING POINTAND HENSE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION )BY MEANS OF DISTILLATION,TYPICALLY USING A FRACTIONATING COLUMN **

d. How do petrochemicals get into the environment?

e. What happens to the petrochemicals, plants, and animals?

f. Who uses petrochemicals?  Roughly five percent of the world's annual oil supply is utilized to make **petrochemicals **.so oil companys might g. List some different petrochemicals and name their uses.

methanol, ethylene, propylene, butadiene, benzene.


 * methanol ** is highly toxic and unfit for consumption. At room temperature, it is a polar liquid, and is used as an antifreeze, solvent, fuel, and as a denaturant for ethanol. It is also used for producing biodiesel via transesterification reaction.

Much of this **production ** goes toward polyethylene, a widely used plastic containing polymer chains of ethylene units in various chain lengths. Ethylene is also an important natural plant hormone, used in agriculture to force the **ripening ** of fruits. Ethylene's hydrate is ethyl alcohol.

The dominant outlet for propylene is polypropylene (PP), accounting for nearly two-thirds of global propylene consumption. Propylene is also used to produce **acrylonitrile ** (ACN), propylene oxide ( PO ), a number of alcohols, **cumene ** and acrylic acid.

<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Butadiene is used primarily as a chemical intermediate and as a monomer in the **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">manufacture **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> of polymers such as synthetic rubbers or elastomers, including **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">styrene-butadiene rubber **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> ( **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">SBR **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">), polybutadiene rubber (PBR), polychloroprene (Neoprene) and nitrile rubber (NR).


 * <span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Benzene **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> is a widely **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">used **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> industrial chemical. **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Benzene **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> is found in crude oil and is a major part of gasoline. It's **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">used **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> to make plastics, resins, synthetic fibers, rubber lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs and pesticides. **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Benzene **<span style="color: #222222; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> is produced naturally by volcanoes and forest fires.

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