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.An orbital sander
- 5. A hydraulic system is used in machines that need fluid power to make them work. The fluid power used for these machines is a high-pressured liquid, called hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid is transmitted through the entire machine and will reach the different hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors in the machine. 6. First you need an air compressor that stores up air at working pressure, say 100 psi (pounds per square inch)

A pneumatic system is any system that uses air pressure to move either a turbine or a cylinder to accomplish some work.

Air from your air compressor (in this case 100 psi) enters a cylinder, for example a 2" diameter cylinder, that is 2 feet long, that has a rod attached that opens up a big bank vault door.

A 2 inch diameter cylinder has an area of Pi *r^2 (pi times radius squared) = 3.14 square inches of surface area on that cylinder.

So if you have 100 psi air pressure pushing on 3.14 square inches of surface. That cylinder has 100psi x 3.14 in^2 = 314 lbs of pressure. That pressure pushes on that rod that is opening the bank vault door.

Once the air pushes that cylinder the length of the cylinder (2 feet), which it is pushing all the way the length of that cylinder with 314 lbs of pressure. It can either stop by cutting off the air pressure with a valve or putting an exhaust outlet at the end of the cylinder to let the built up pressure escape back to room pressure, which would then stop the cylinder